Kursus ini meliputi komponen utama persekitaran; populasi, komuniti dan ekosistem dianalisis sebagai entiti dinamik. Pengeksploitan ekosistem, pencemaran dan pemantauan dibincangkan. Aspek teori dan fungsi dianalisis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif.
(This course encompasses major components of the environment; population, community, and ecosystem are analyzed as dynamic entities. Ecosystem exploitation, pollution, and monitoring are discussed. Theoretical and functional aspects are analyzed qualitatively)