Kursus ini meliputi komponen utama persekitaran; populasi, komuniti dan ekosistem dianalisis sebagai entiti dinamik. Pengeksploitan ekosistem, pencemaran dan pemantauan dibincangkan. Aspek teori dan fungsi dianalisis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. P(This course encompasses major components of the environment; population, community and ecosystem are analyzed as dynamic entities. Ecosystem exploitation, pollution and monitoring are discussed. Theoretical and functional aspects are analyzed qualitative)
- Teacher: DR NOOR AZRIZAL BIN ABDUL WAHID .